lian xi ren:jinmingwei
jieqiadelvfeng:010-68576852
一、背景及意思
(yi)yanglaocaichanchengzhangdebeijing
yanzhongqingshi。gujidao2020nian,tianxia60suiyishanglaonianshengchijiangzengtiandao2.55yirenbaibu,zhanzongshengchibizhongjinshengdao17.8%baibu;gaolinglaonianrenjiangzengtiandao2900wanrenbaibu,qiongjuhekongchaolaonianrenjiangzengtiandao1.18yirenbaibu,laonianfuyangbijiangjinbudao28%baibu;yongyulaonianrendeshehuibaozhangzhichujiangyanxuzengjia;xiangcunxianshiqishenshengchilaolinghuachengdunenggouhuoxujinyibujiashen。
jiaozheduanban。shelaolvlizhengcetixixing、diaohexing、zhenduixing、kecaozongxingyoudaijiaqiang;chengxiang、diyulaolingqijichengzhangheyanglaotixifuzhibujunhengtimutuqi;yanglaobanshiyouyonggongyingqueshao,pinzhixiaoyibugao,rencaibuduiqianque;laonianyongpinshichanggongxudichubinituqi;laolingshimingtixitilijizhibujianquan,shehuidaochangbuchongshi,xiacenggenbenbiniruanruo。
youyiqianti。dangzhongjian、guowuyuangaoduzhengshilaolingqijichengzhangheyanglaotixifuzhi,“shisanwu”jihuaganglingduizhudongyingdashengchilaolinghuatichumingbaiqingqiu。jingjishehuianwenankangchengzhang,gongyingcebujuxingdingxinjiasubiance,dazhongbanshiheminshengbaozhangcainengbushijiaqiang,xiuxichunqiushengchijiaoweichongpei,shehuidaochanglaolingqijichengzhangzhudongxingbushijinbu。
(er)chengzhangyanglaocaichandexianshiyisi
1.chuliyanglaobenqiangongyingqueshaodejinkuang gongbanyanglaojigouchuangweigongyingshumujiqiwuxian,erminbanyanglaobanshijigouruzhulvbugao;yanglaojigoudebanshijucuobanfajueduijiaoshao、tiaolijiaodi、gongxiaodanyi,bingqieyanglaobanshibuduirencaiqianque,zhuanyehuachengdujiaodi;laonianrenquntishentiaolideyanglaoxuyaoweinengyouyongfajue。xianyoudeyanglaoqingshibunengwanchenggongyingxuyaozhijianbicihunpei,yushehuidiaohechengzhangbuxiangshunying。
2.buqibanqijiduanbandexianshixuyao yanglaobanqijishibanqijizhongzuiweijinqueyeshizuijuqianlidexinxingcaichanzhiyi,jubeitoubenqianqiandi、benqianhaosunxiao、jinghuapaifangshao、banshifanweiguangdengtese。jiasuchengzhangyanglaobanqiji,buzhiyouyiyujinshenglaonianrendehukoupinzhi,yenenggouhuoxukaishipangdadeneixuqianli,gouchengbubianjingjizengjiadewulichengchi,tongshihaidongyuanyiliao、bingyu、shesheng、wenyu、youlandengxianggancaichanchengzhang,congergouchengbanqijijinjibandexinlianxidianhefalidian。
3.jianhuanchengzhenshiyeyalidekeguanqingqiu zaibanqijizhong,yanglaobanqijixinashiyedecainengyouqituqi,qiejubeipangdadechidiqianli。jutuisuan,dao2020nianwoguolaonianrencigubangchenhushibanshihehukouguwendeqianfushichangfanweijiujiangkuayue5000yiyuan,jiangxinzengshehuishiyegangtingkuayue710wange,jianglai20nianyanglaobanqijidechengzhangkecuishengwanwangexindeshiyegangting,zheijiangweijianhuanriquyanzhongdechengzhenshiyeyalichidichuyitiaoxindeyouyongluzi。
4.mosuoliyigongxiaofuhexingyanglaobanshixinqingshi jiatingjiaodianhuadequxiangbiranzhishichuantongjiatingyanglaogongxiaodejianruo,gujixushehui、shequnengchengjiejubuyuanyouhoudaigongyingdecigubangchenbaisoudezhongdan。shequjujiayanglaoqingshiyihouhecihouhenzhangyiduanshihouneijiangchengweiwoguolaonianshengchidezhiliuyanglaoqingshi。shequweilaonianrenbanshidemingmubaohanjingliwenmingxing、shouyangguwenxinghepingchanghukouxingdengliangduofangmian,xiangxibaohanlaoniangoudangzhongjian、tuolaosuo、baitianguwen、yiliaobaojian、laonianzhengxunbanshideng。shijujiayanglaoyujigouyanglao、jiatingyanglaogouchengzhaoyinghubu,gouchengyouxugongdaodeyanglaogongxujunheng。
二、养老PPP名目标相干政策及成长近况
(yi)yanglaopppmingmubiaoxiangganzhengce
1.guodu、buweiduiyanglaobanqijidexiangganzhengce 2013nian9yue6ri,guowuyuanxuanbu《duijiasuchengzhangyanglaobanqijideduoshaodingjian》(guofa〔2013〕35hao),tichujiasuchengzhangyanglaobanqiji,bushizhizulaonianrenyanxuzengjiadeyanglaobanshixuyao,shizhouquanjianchengxiaokangshehuideyixiangjinjishiming。
2014nian11yue14ri,shangwubu《duibianceyanglaobanshicaichanchengzhangdezhidiandingjian》(shangfumaohan[2014]899hao),tichujingyouguochengbianceyanglaobanshicaichanchengzhang,jianshenglixiaowanmei、fanweiguodu、longgaichengxiangdeyanglaobanshicaichanhuachengzhangqingshi。mosuoduoyuanhuachengzhangdejujiayanglaobanshitixi,peiyangyipidongyuanliqiangdelongtouqiye、fuyouliyihuoqidezhongxiaoqiye,weiyanglaobanshicaichanzhongchijiuchengzhangdianjigenbenheduijijingli。
2015nian2yue3ri,minzhengbu、chengzhangdingxinweideng《duigudongmianliguanfangbenqiandaochangyanglaobanqijichengzhangdeshixingdingjian》(minfa〔2015〕33hao),gudongmianliguanfangbenqiandaochangjujiaheshequyanglaobanshi,gudongmianliguanfangbenqiandaochangjigouyanglaobanshi,chengchiguanfangbenqiandaochangyanglaocaichanchengzhang,bianceyiyangronghuichengzhang,wanmeitourongzizhengce,luoshishuifeiyouhuizhengce,zengjinguanfangbenqianguifanyouxudaochang,baozhangyongdixuyao。
2015nian11yue18ri,guowuyuanbangongtingzhuanfaweishengjishengweidengjubu《duibianceyiliaoweishengyuyanglaobanshixianglianxizhidiandingjiandegaosu》(guobanfa〔2015〕84hao),tichuchenglijianquanyiliaoweishengjigouyuyanglaojigouxiezuojizhi,chengchiyanglaojigouzhankaiyiliaobanshi,bianceyiliaoweishengbanshiyanzhangzhishequ、jiating,gudongmianlishehuiqilichuangbanyiyanglianxijigou,gudongmianliyiliaoweishengjigouyuyanglaobanshironghuichengzhang。
2016nian3yue21ri,zhongguoguominyinxing、minzhengbu、yinjianhui、zhengjianhui、baojianhui《duijinrongchengchiyanglaobanqijijiasuchengzhangdezhidiandingjian》(yinfa〔2016〕65hao)chengchiyouqiantidejinrongjigouyouhuazhenghebenqian,jinbuyanglaofanchoujinrongbanshichengdu。chengchigezhongjinronggouzaozhankaiyanglaofanchoujinrongyingyegudongmianlijinrongjigouliyiyurongzibaoguanjigouxiezuoqingshi,yidangjuxingrongzibaoguanjigouweizhu,zhidiangezhongrongzibaoguanjigoujiadaduiyanglaobanqijidechengchilidu。
2017nian8yue14ri,caizhengbu、minzhengbuherenlibenqianshehuibaozhangbulianxixuanbu《duiyingyongdangjuheshehuibenqianxiezuoqingshichengchiyanglaobanqijichengzhangdeshixingdingjian》(caijin〔2017〕86hao),gudongmianliyingyongdangjuheshehuibenqianxiezuo(ppp)qingshibianceyanglaobanqijigongyingcebujuxingdingxin,jiasuyanglaobanqijipeiyangyuchengzhang,liemingleyixiliebanfaguifanhechengchiyanglaoyepppqingshidechengzhang。
tongshichutaile《heshanbenqianbubangongtingduiyinfa<yanglaobanshijucuobanfayongdizhidiandingjian>degaosu》(heshanzitingfa〔2014〕11hao)、《duijinyibuzuohaoyanglaobanqijichengzhangyouguanshimingdegaosu》(fagaibanshehui〔2015〕992hao、《“shisanwu”guodulaolingqijichengzhangheyanglaotixifuzhijihua》dengyixiliewenjian。
2017nian10yue18ri,xijinpingzongbugaozaizhongguogongchandangdishijiucitianxiadaibiaodahuishangzuobaogao。tichulezhudongyingdashengchilaolinghua,goujianyanglao、xiaolao、jinglaozhengcetixiheshehuihuanjing,bianceyiyanglianxi,jiasulaolingqijihecaichanchengzhang。
2018nian2yue1ri,guowuyuanxiaoxibantingzhidexuanbuhuishang,minzhengbubuzhanghuangshuxianzhichu,jiangchixushenruyanglaojigoude“fangguanfu”dingxin,zhouquanpukaiyanglaobanshishichang,chengchi、pukai,gudongmianlipppmingmubiaochengzhang,yishunyinglaolinghuashehuidexuyao。
2018nian03yue05ri,guowuyuanzonglilikeqiangzaidishisanjietianxiaguomindaibiaodahuidiyicijihuishangzuo《2018niandangjushimingbaogao》,baogaozhichu,zhudongyingdashengchilaolinghua,chengzhangjujia、shequhexiezuoshiyanglao,bianceyiyanglianxi,jinbuyanglaoyuanbanshipinzhi。
2.hubeishengduiyanglaobanqijidexiangganzhengce 2014nian6yue29ri,hubeishengguomindangju《duijiasuchengzhangyanglaobanqijideshixingdingjian》(ezhengfa〔2014〕30hao),anshenhubeishengqing,chongshichanyangdangjudezhudaoganhuaheshehuiqilidezhutiganhuahejiatingdegenbenxingganhua,jiasuchenglijianquanyanglaobanshitixi,dinglichengzhangyanglaobanqiji,bushizhizuriquzengjiadeduoyanghua、duotiaolideyanglaobanshixuyao,zhudongyingdashengchilaolinghua,jinlibaozhanghegailiangminsheng,biancejingjizhuanxingjinji,jiasufuzhi“xingyunhubei”。
2016nian12yue16ri,hubeishengguomindangjubangongtingyinfa《hubeishengminzhengqijichengzhang“shisanwu”jihua》。jihuatichu,dao2020nian,zhouquanjianchengyijujiaweigenben、shequweiyikao、jigouweibuchong、yiyanglianxideyanglaobanshitixi,meiqianmingbaisoujuyouyanglaochuangweishu35zhang,hukoubunengzilitekunzhiyuanjiheshanyanglvdaoda50%。
2017nian4yue19ri,duiyinfa《hubeishengyanglaojigoubanshipinzhijinshengzhuanxiangbulvjihua》degaosu(eminzhengfa[2017]15hao),dao2020nianmo,genjichenglitongyideyanglaobanshipinzhiguifanhepinggutixi,yanglaobanshipinzhibanlihezengjintixijiabeiwanmei,yanglaojigoubanshipinzhiquantichengdumingxianjinsheng,tongtongyanglaojigounenggouhuoxuyichabieqingshiweiruzhulaonianrengongyingyiliaoweishengbanshi,gouchengyipipinpaichouxiangtuqi、banshigongxiaowanzheng、pinzhichengduyiliudeliansuohuayanglaojigou。
2017nian6yue9ri,hubeishengguomindangjubangongtingyinfa《duizhouquanpukaiyanglaobanshishichangjinshengyanglaobanshipinzhideshixingdingjian》(ezhengbanfa〔2017〕44hao),dao2020nian,quanshengyanglaobanshishichangzhouquanpukai,youhuayanglaojigoushenpishouxu,fangkuanwaizizhunru,wanchengjujiashequyanglaobanshiquanlonggai,peiyangchengzhangyanglaobanshicaichan,chengzhangshilaojinrongbanshi。
(er)yanglaopppmingmuchengzhangjinkuang
woguodiyigeyanglaopppmingmujiangshengyu2012nian,2015-2016nianyanglaopppmingmuqitoudapichengxian,xianyouyanglaopppmingmuzhongguodujishumomingmuyou36ge。
tingzhi2018nian7yue2ri,tianxia218geyanglaopppmingmuzhong,banlikumingmu107ge,mingmutouziewei842.65yiyuan(zhan58.03%);chuxukumingmu111ge,mingmutouziewei609.53yiyuan(zhan41.97%)。
jianyucaizhengbudangjuheshehuibenqianxiezuozhongjianchuxukumingmushujugongshibuquan,qiemingmucunzaibirandebukendingxing,benwenduibanlikuzhong107gemingmutingzhichanfa。yunzuotiliweibottilideyou54ge、zhan50.47%,bootili36ge,zhan33.64%,liangzhongtilizhanbisuanjikuayue80%。danbuguanshibotrengshiboo,zheiliangzhongqingshiduishehuibenqianhouqidezijintouruqingqiudouhengao。caozongzhefufei49ge(zhan45.79%)、kexingxingquekoubutie56ge(zhan52.34%)、dangjufufeimingmu2ge(zhan1.87%)。
woguodangeyanglaopppmingmubiaotouzijineshouyaojihezai10yiyuanyixia,cizhong2yiyuanyixiademingmu33ge,2yi~10yizhijiandemingmu50ge,dayu10yidemingmu24ge。cizhong50yiyishangdemingmuyou3ge,touziezuidawei130.78yiyuan。
yanglaopppmingmubiaonixiezuonianxiandaduokendingzai10nian-35nian,10-14nianmingmu8ge,15-19nianmingmu15ge,20-24nianmingmu27ge,25-29nianmingmu14ge,30nianmingmu42ge,35nianmingmu1ge。biniyuqiyugenbenjucuobanfaleipppmingmubiaoxiezuonianxianquantipianzhang。
三、典范案例先容
benwenyiyanglaopppmingmu“jiangxishengganzhoushizhanggongqushequ(cun)jujiayanglaobanshizhongjianpppmingmu”(caizhengbuguodujidierpishumomingmuheguodufagaiweipppliudadianfanshumoanlizhiyi)weili。gaishuyixia:
(yi)mingmugenjigailve
benmingmubaohan72geshequ(cun)jujiayanglaobanshizhongjian,zongfuzhifanwei50518.1pingfangmi,shouyaofuzhineirongbaohanhukoubanshiyongfang、baoanbingyuyongfang、wenyuyongfang、cigubangchenhushizhiyuanpeixunzhongjian、congmingyanglaohuhuanpingtaijiqiyuyongfangdeng,weizhanggongqu60zhousuiyishangbaisougongyingshequjujiayanglaobanshi。xiezuofanweihangailexinjian、gaijianhebaituojingying。
mingmuchanchubaohan72geshequ(cun)jujiayanglaobanshizhongjianwangdianweizhanggongquxiaxia4gejiedao、5gezhouli、75geshequ、57gexingzhengcun60zhousuiyishanglaonianrengongyingtuolaosuo、shequbaitianguwen、laonianbingyuticaigoudangdengshequyanglaobanshihezhucan、zhuyu、zhujie、zhuji、zhuyi、cigubangchenhushidengshequjujiayanglaobanshi。
(er)pppjihuacuoyao
1.yunzuotili jiangxishengganzhoushizhanggongquguomindangju(yixiajiancheng“qudangju”)shouquanjiangxishengganzhoushizhanggongqulaolingshimingweiyuanhuibangongshi(yixiajiancheng“qulaolingban”)weimingmushixingjigou。yunzuoqingshiyibotweizhu,dapeirothebaituojingying。benmingmushexiangxiezuoqiwei15nian(hanfuzhiqibukuayuesannian),xiezuoqizibenmingmu《pppmingmutiaoyue》zhengshishixiaoqiqitoujijiao。
2.mingmugongsizujian ganzhoushichangfuzhizonghechidiwuxiangongsi(yixiajiancheng“shichangchidigongsi”)zuoweidangjufangchuzidaibiao,yushehuibenqianpeihezujianmingmugongsi。mingmugongsizhucebenqianbudiyuzongtouzide20%。
3.mingmufanweineidedipancaozongquan qudangjubaozhang72geyanglaobanshizhongjianyuandinenggouhuoxugongmingmugongsiyibancaozong,youguandipanhuofangchancaozongdeyouguanshouxuhuojiaogeyoudangjuchuli。biede,qudangjujiangdiaohedanrenshigongguqieyongshui、shigongguqieyongdiandejierushiming。
mingmugongsijuyouyilingfangqiandetilicaozongdipandequanli。mingmugongsicongdangjufangzulincaozonggaidengdipan,dangjufangyingquebaomingmugongsiyouquanyilingfangqiandetilicaozonggaizongdipan。
4.mingmurongzi mingmugongsinenggouhuoxuweibenmingmurongzizhimubiao,jiangqizaipppmingmutiaoyuexiangxiadegexiangquanli(rudangjulaogubutie、dangjuminshengbutie、qiyujingyingbutiedeyuqishouyiquandeng)jimingmugongsijuyoudezichan(baohandongchan、budongchanheyouxingzichan)zhishangshezhidianzhi、zhiyahuoyibiedetilishezhibaoguanquanli。
5.mingmuyijiao mingmuyijiaoshi,youqulaolingbanqiantougenju“guifubuyijingjiweizhi”dezhunsheng,liqingmingmugongsizichanchanquanbuju,zhidingmingmuyijiaotianbujihua,baozhanggongquguomindangjushenpizanchenghoushixingyijiao,yijiaojiqulaolingban。
6.mingmubaodajizhi benmingmubaodajizhiwei“kexingxingquekoubutie”。dangjuxufuchudeyongdubaohan3gefangmian:
(1)dangjulaogubutie
zaixiezuokerinei,mingmugongsigenju《ganzhoushiguomindangjuduijiasuchengzhangyanglaobanqijideshixingdingjian》duimeiyinianzhengshitourujingyingdeyanglaobanshizhongjiangenjudangjuhezhundelaogubutieguifanxiangqulaolingbanqingqiudangjulaogubutie,yongyubutieyanglaobanshizhongjianpingchangyunzhuanbanli。
(2)dangjuminshengbutie
zaixiezuokerinei,qulaolingbangenju《ganzhoushiguomindangjuduijiasuchengzhangyanglaobanqijideshixingdingjian》duimingmulonggaifanweineidejujiazhongdianlaonianrengongju,ji“sanwu”、“dibao”、“jiankushinenglaonianren”deng60zhousuiyishangdezhongdiangongju,genjudangjuminshengbutieguifanfafangbiranshuedezhidinghuafeifanweidejujiayanglaobanshiquan,xiangmingmugongsicaibantedingyanglaobanshimingmu,bingxunuomingmugongsimeiyiniangenjuxishilaonianrenxianshihuafeibingfuchudeyanglaoquanzongexiangqulaolingbanqingqiudengeduixian。
(3)qiyujingyingbutie
zaixiezuokerinei,chechudangjulaogubutie、dangjuminshengbutiezhiwai,weibaozhangshehuibenqianhuodegongdaoshouyierxuyaoqudangjutianbudequekoujubu。gaibutiegenjupppmingmutiaoyueshangdingdebutieguifan、shihouhetiliduixian。
四、养老名目实操中的重难点
(yi)genbenshujuchawenbaifangshimingliangda
yanglaomingmubaoneizimingmudiyusanbushangjiaofenli,yaosoujidegenbencailiaoheshujuliangdamianguang。xuyaochawenguodu、shengshidezhengcejixingyechengzhangjihua;getongleimingmujingyingjinkuangcailiao,mingmudidiandizhoubiandeshengchibuju、ankang、zhichuhuanjingjiyanglaocaichanchengzhangjinkuanghuanjing;mingmujinkuangchoumoujihuajitouchanmingmujingyingjinkuanghuanjing。xuyaotourujiaoduorenliwulitingzhiduoqudaoxinxichawenbaifang。
(er)shichangzhanwangjifuzhijingyingfanweidekending
yanglaomingmuxuyaojingyouguochengchongshideshichangchawenbaifang,weimingmubiaojihuafuzhijijingyingbanligongyingshujuchengchi,chenglimixinketuodefuzhifanweizhanwangjikendingdekuangjiamozi。jianyuyihouyiyanglianximingmushenglianliweiji,kejianjieshujujiaoshao。yifangmianxuyaojinkenengbawogengduotongleicaichanchengzhangjinkuangcailiao,canzhaotongfanweidouhuideshichanghuanjingzhanwang;lingwaiyifangmianjianjieguojiwaifacaidiyujueduichengshudecesuanjingli,xuyaomingmuzujianguyantaotichubeixuandefanweizhanwangfangshihemozi。
(san)mingmuhonglijihuachoumou
xianjieduanwoguoyanglaojigoudehonglihuanjingbianjibuhao,cunzaishouyitongdaoqueshao,shouyilailifenli、quantijieguobubaofu,shouyicesuanqueshaogenbenshujuchengchidengjiaoduotimu。zaiyanglaomingmushouyichoumoushi,changchangduishouyilailidekaiduansilvjiaoduo,danqueshaotixizhenghe,xuyaozhanzaiquanbumingmubaodejiaodujiangushouyicesuandedaluoji,jianggetiaoligeyingyefanlideshouyifenleifenxiangqingsuanqingxi,bingzhenduixingzuochuketuodeshouyicesuan,gouchengguifanhuadekeyancaizhengcesuanyupinggumozi。zheiqidanxuyaozhengxunjigouyoujiaoqiangdezhuanyecainenghetixisiwei,yexuyaobirandetongleimingmuchoumoujingli。